PERBEDAAN PERFORMA AYAM BIBIT INDUK PEDAGING JANTAN DAN BETINA
Keywords:
ayam bibit induk pedaging, jenis kelamin, performa, konsumsi pakan, keseragamanAbstract
Permintaan daging ayam global diketahui cenderung meningkat setiap tahun. Optimalisasi unggas bibit diperlukan agar produksi ayam konsumsi lebih efisien sehingga dapat memenuhi permintaan yang terus
meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan performa ayam bibit induk pedaging jantan dan betina dari segi konsumsi pakan, bobot badan, keseragaman, dan tingkat deplesi. Penelitian dilakukan di
PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk. Unit Cipunagara 1 menggunakan ayam Strain Lohmann Indian River berusia 12 minggu, terdiri dari 14.799 ekor jantan dan 103.621 ekor betina. Data dikumpulkan melalui laporan performa mingguan dari kandang, dan analisis dilakukan dengan uji-t dua sampel dengan varians yang sama untuk menilai perbedaan antara jenis kelamin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ayam jantan memiliki konsumsi pakan dan bobot badan yang lebih tinggi, yang mencerminkan pertumbuhan yang lebih cepat dan kebutuhan nutrisi yang lebih besar. Sedangkan, ayam betina menunjukkan keseragaman populasi yang lebih baik serta tingkat deplesi yang lebih rendah, yang dipengaruhi oleh perilaku yang lebih tenang, dominansi yang lebih rendah, dan respons imun yang lebih stabil. Perbedaan dalam keseragaman juga dipengaruhi oleh tingkat persaingan pakan dan perilaku agresif yang lebih tinggi pada jantan. Tingginya deplesi pada jantan berkaitan dengan stres metabolik, sensitivitas terhadap suhu tinggi, dan agresivitas sosial. Secara keseluruhan, perbedaan antara jenis kelamin memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap performa ayam bibit, sehingga manajemen pemeliharaan yang spesifik untuk setiap jenis kelamin sangat dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dalam hal pertumbuhan, jantan menunjukkan keunggulan, sementara betina lebih unggul dalam hal keseragaman dan daya hidup.
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