KAJIAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK SAPI LOKAL CAMPURAN UNTUK PENGUATAN PETERNAKAN SAPI POTONG DI SULAWESI UTARA
Keywords:
nilai pemuliaan, aksi gen dominan, bobot hidup, sapi campuran lokal-ongole
Abstract
Faktor genetik pada pewarisan bobot hidup ternak adalah nilai pemuliaan, deviasi dominansi dan heritabilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi komponen genotipe nilai pemuliaan dan deviasi dominansi bobot hidup serta heritabilitasnya pada sapi Peranakan Ongole dan Lokal. Total 74 induk sapi generasi awal (G0), dan 104 induk generasi 1 (G1) dari pejantan sapi Ongole dianalisis kontribusi genetik. Lokus gen sapi Ongole (gen O) dan gen sapi Lokal (gen L) hasil pengukuran bobot hidup ternak genotipe OO, LL dan LO dianalisis melalui komponen nilai pemuliaan dan deviasi dominan gen. Program statistik Excel XP digunakan menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata populasi tetua (µ) bobot hidup ternak (G0) adalah 340,01 ± 6,12 kg. Sedangkan rara-rata populasi (µ1) bobot hidup ternak generasi keturunan (G1) adalah 359,60 ± 5,67 kg, dengan respon seleksi (∆µ) sebesar 19,59 kg. Komponen genotipe homozigot OO dan LL sangat didominasi oleh aksi gen aditif dengan nilai pemuliaan lebih tinggi untuk bobot hidup daripada aksi gen deviasi dominan. Genotipe heterozigot LO didominasi pula oleh aksi gen deviasi dominan yang lebih rendah daripada aksi gen aditif. Heritabilitas (h2) bobot hidup sapi sebagai aksi gen aditif adalah 0,66 dengan kategori tinggi, sedangkan aksi gen dominan () adalah sebesar 0,33 yang dikategorikan heritabilitas sedang.
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Zhu, Z, AB Anna, AE Vinkhuyzen, G Hemani, SH Lee, IM Nolte, J V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, H Snieder, TLLC Study, T Esko, L Milani, R Mägi, A Metspalu, WG Hill, BS Weir, ME Goddard, PM Visscher and J Yang.. 2015. Dominance Genetic Variation Contributes Little to the Missing Heritability for Human Complex Traits. American Journal of Human Genetic. 96, 377–385.
Ashwini1, J.P, P Sanjay, GJ Amipara, PM Lunagariya, DJ Parmar and DN Rank. 2019. Prediction of Body Weight based on Body Measurements in Crossbred Cattle. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science. 8 (3): 1597-1611.
Ayuk, J and MC Sheppard. 2006. Growth hormone and its disorder. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 82 (63):24-30.
Beauchemin, VR, MG Thomas, DE Franke and GA Silver. 2006. Evolution of DNA polymorphisms involving growth hormone relative to growth and carcass characteristics in Brahman steers. Genetics and Molecular Research. 5 (3):438-447.
Chawala, AR, G Banos, DM Komwihangilo, A Peters and MGG Chagunda. 2017. Phenotypic and genetic parameters for selected production and reproduction traits of Mpwapwa cattle in low input production systems. South African Journal of Animal Science. 47(3): 307-319.
Gazal, S, PR Loh, HK Finucane, A Ganna, A Schoech, S Sunyaev and AL Price. 2018. Functional architecture of low-frequency variants highlights strength of negative selection across coding and non-coding annotations. Natural Genetics. 50, 1600–1607.
Jain, J and P Prabhakaran. 1992. Genetics of Populations. South Asian Publishers, PVT. LTD. New Delhi.
Jakaria, D, D Duryadi, RR Noor, B Tappa and H Martojo. 2007. Evaluasi keragaman genetik hormon pertumbuhan (GH) pada sapi pesisir Sumatera Barat menggunakan penciri PCR-RFLP. Media Peternakan. 30 (No.1):1-10.
Jakaria, RR Noor, H Martojo, D Duryadi and B Tappa. 2009. Identification of growth hormone (Gh) gene MspI and AluI loci polymorphism in beef cattle. Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University. The 1st International Seminar on Animal Industry 2009. p.42-47.
Legates, JE and EJ Warwick. 1990. Breeding and Improvement of Farm Animals. McGraw-Hill Publishing Company. New York.
Maylinda, S. 2011. Genetic polymorphism of growth hormone locus and its association with body weight in Grati dairy cows. International Journal for Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Research. 2 (7):117-120.
Morrell, JM. 2011. Artificial insemination: current and future trends. In artificial insemination of farm animals. Intech Open. London, United Kingdom.
Ozkaya, S and Y Bozkurt. 2008. The relationships of parameters of body measures and body weight by using digital image analysis in pre-slaughter cattle. Arch Tiers. 51:120-128.
Paputungan, U, M Makarechian and MF Liu. 2000. Effects of sire birth weight on calving difficulty and maternal performance of their female progeny. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 13, No. 6: 729-732.
Paputungan, U, L Hakim, G Ciptadi and HFN. Lapian. 2012. The allele frequencies of growth hormone gene on the parental and progeny of Ongole-crossbred cattle population in the North Sulawesi of Indonesia using PCR-RFLP. Journal of Evolutionary Biology Research. 4 (3):52-58.
Paputungan, U, MJ Hendrik and SE Siswosubroto. 2021. Comparison of the favorable gain values of genetic improvement among Indonesian grade cow breeds selected for agrotechnopark intensification. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture. 46 (2):106-113.
Pazokitoroudi, A, AM Chiu, KS Burch, B Pasaniuc and S Sankararaman. 2021. Quantifying the contribution of dominance deviation effects to complex trait variation in biobank-scale data. The American Journal of Human Genetics. 108: 799–808.
Rifa’i, M. 2010. Genetika Rekombinasi dan Populasi. Edisi Pertama. Penerbit Galaxy Science, Malang, 65145. ISBN: 978-602-97628: 1-5.
Sodhi, M, M Mukesh, B Prakash, BP Misha, RC Sobti and KP Singh. 2007. Msp1 allelic pattern of bovine gene in Indian zebu cattle (Bos indicus) breeds. Biochemical Genetics. 45 (1-2):145-153.
Sutarno, A, J Junaidi and B Tappa. 2005. Polimorfisme MspI pada lokus 2 gen hormon pertumbuhan sapi PO dan pengaruhnya terhadap capaian berat badan harian. Biodiversitas. 6 (No. 2):77-81.
Sulandari, S and MSA Zein. 2003. Protocols in DNA Laboratory. Center of Biology Research, the Indonesian Institute of Sciences. Pp. 23-45.
Thekkoot, D. 2017. Selection Intensity and Genetic Improvement. The University of Alberta and Genesus Inc. Animal breeding aims to improve livestock population by utilizing the genetic differences among individuals.
Thundathil, JC, AL Dance and JP Kastelic. 2016. Fertility management of bulls to improve beef cattle productivity. Theriogenology. 86 (1): 397-405.
Van Vleck, LD, EJ Pollak and EAB Oltnacu. 1987. Genetics for the Animal Science. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.
Vitezica, ZG, L Varona and A Legarra. 2013. On the additive and dominant variance and covariance of individuals within the genomic selection scope. Genetics. 195, 1223– 1230.
Zhu, Z, AB Anna, AE Vinkhuyzen, G Hemani, SH Lee, IM Nolte, J V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, H Snieder, TLLC Study, T Esko, L Milani, R Mägi, A Metspalu, WG Hill, BS Weir, ME Goddard, PM Visscher and J Yang.. 2015. Dominance Genetic Variation Contributes Little to the Missing Heritability for Human Complex Traits. American Journal of Human Genetic. 96, 377–385.
Published
2022-06-29
How to Cite
Paputungan, U., Utiah, W., & Turangan, S. (2022). KAJIAN KERAGAMAN GENETIK SAPI LOKAL CAMPURAN UNTUK PENGUATAN PETERNAKAN SAPI POTONG DI SULAWESI UTARA. PROSIDING SEMINAR NASIONAL TEKNOLOGI AGRIBISNIS PETERNAKAN (STAP), 9, 331-339. Retrieved from https://jnp.fapet.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/psv/article/view/1628
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